一、算数平均数(Arithmetic Mean)
优点(Advantages):
1、在计算算数平均数时将所有的数值都纳入了考虑范围,反应了分布的变异;
When calculating the arithmetic mean, all numerical values are considered, reflecting the variability in the distribution.
2、算数平均数可以进行代数运算;
The arithmetic mean allows for algebraic operations.
3、算数平均数是三种集中量数中最灵敏、最客观且最具有代表性的。
The arithmetic mean is the most sensitive, objective, and representative measure among the three central tendency measures.
缺点:算数平均数的代表性会受到极端数值的影响。
Disadvantages: The representativeness of the arithmetic mean can be influenced by extreme values.
二、中数(Median)
优点(Advantages):中数只和数据所处的位置有关,因此它不受极端数值的影响。
The median is only influenced by the position of data, making it immune to extreme values.
缺点(Disadvantages):
1、由于只和位置有关,因此中数对数据变动的反应不够灵敏;
Because it is solely position-dependent, the median's response to changes in data is not very sensitive.
2、中数不能进行代数运算。
The median cannot undergo algebraic operations.
三、众数(Mode)
优点(Advantages):
1、众数相对来说比较直观,容易理解;
The mode is relatively intuitive and easy to understand.
2、众数不受极端值影响。
(在命名型的数据中,一般来说只能用众数)
The mode is not affected by extreme values (typically used in nominal data).
缺点(Disadvantages):
1、反应不够灵敏,代表性差于中数;
It is less sensitive and less representative than the median.
2、不能进行代数运算;
It cannot undergo algebraic operations.
3、要求数据分布有明显中心。
The data distribution must have a clear central tendency.