====== 第五章：样本均值的分布、假设检验初步======

======Chapter 5: Distribution of Sample Means and Preliminary Hypothesis Testing======

=)**本章概览 (Guide)**：
  * 在前面几讲的学习中，我们研究的是总体或者总体中抽取的单独一个样本。而在实际的研究中，我们抽取的样本远远不止三个。在本章，我们将所有这些可抽取的样本构成一个集合，学习它们之间、它们与总体之间的关系。此外，我们还将初步了解假设检验的程序和两类错误。\\ In the previous lectures, we studied a whole population or a single sample extracted from the population. In real research, we need to extract far more than three samples. In this chapter, we will form a set of all these extractable samples and learn their relationships with each other and with the population. In addition, we will also have a preliminary understanding of the hypothesis testing procedure and two types of errors.

:!:**学习要点 (Laerning Points)**：
  - 掌握样本均值分布的特性（形状、均值、标准误）\\ Master the characteristics of sample mean distribution (shape, mean, standard error)
  - 区分标准误、标准差和取样误差\\ Distinguish standard error, standard deviation, and sampling error
  - 学会利用中心极限定律求解标准误\\ Learn how to use the central limit law to calculate standard errors
  - 学会计算样本均值分布中的概率\\ Learn how to calculate the probability in the sample mean distribution
  - 掌握假设检验的基本步骤\\ Master the basic steps of hypothesis testing
  - 学会分辨假设检验的两类错误\\ Learn how to distinguish two types of errors in hypothesis testing

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**目录**
  * [[样本均值分布|样本均值分布 (Sample Mean Distribution)]]
  * [[中心极限定律|中心极限定律 (central limit law）]]
  * [[标准误与样本均值分布的概率|标准误与样本均值分布的概率 (standard error and probability of sample mean distribution)]]
  * [[假设检验的基本逻辑|假设检验的基本逻辑 (the basic logic of hypothesis testing)]]
  * [[假设检验的两类错误|假设检验的两类错误(two types of errors in hypothesis testing)]]

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**作业**
  * [[第五章作业|2023作业 (homeworks of 2023)]]
  * [[2024homework5|2024作业 (homeworks of 2024)]]